In the circuit you created in MC100, the LED lit up because the conductive wire that connected the battery to the LED allowed electrons to flow through the circuit. Electricity is basically just electron flow.
Open circuits are circuits that contain some type of gap in them. Electrons cannot flow through all the way through the circuit so there’s no electricity. Nothing happens. Closed circuits are circuits that are a complete path which allows electrons to flow. Check out this video for further explanation: